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contemporary contexts, highlighting its 2. Practical Dimensions of Ethical
relevance as a guide for addressing Leadership
complex societal and organizational According to Imam Ali, leadership has
challenges. The integration of internal two key components: tactical and
and international scholarship enriches strategic. Tactical leadership focuses on
the understanding of leadership ethics, immediate tasks, requiring timely and
providing a comprehensive framework effective decision-making, organizing
for fostering trust, inclusivity, and actions, and evaluating performance.
justice in governance. Whether in Islamic or non-Islamic
1. Imam Ali's Ideas and Concepts contexts, leaders are judged by their
on Leadership and Governance results (Baradaran, 2008). Strategic
Leadership, according to Imam Ali, is leadership addresses global issues,
fundamentally an ethical responsibility. setting priorities and guiding society in
In Nahj al-Balagha, leadership is response to broader challenges.
presented not as mere management but as From the texts of Nahj al-Balagha,
a moral duty, deeply intertwined with eleven components of governance emerge:
principles such as justice, accountability, • Supremacy of law.
and compassion. These principles align • Public order guarantees.
closely with Quranic ethics and provide • Equality before the law.
• Participation.
leaders with a framework for addressing • Self-restraint.
governance challenges through ethical • Guiding people in their quest for
prescriptions (Rutter, 2012). God.
Imam Ali’s teachings emphasize the • Awareness of public opinion.
ethical obligation of leaders to protect the • Building a progressive economic
underprivileged, uphold public system.
accountability, and maintain justice as the • Protecting the underprivileged.
cornerstone of governance (Sharīf al- • Creating a social security system.
th
Raḍī, 11 century). By offering practical • Accountability.
guidance for moral decision-making, These components provide practical
Nahj al-Balagha remains a key source of benchmarks for implementing ethical
inspiration for contemporary political governance and ensuring societal well-
th
leadership (Bosk & Vries, 2004). The being (Sharīf al-Raḍī, 11 century).
ethical framework it presents reflects the Practical examples provided in Nahj al-
Quran's teachings, offering detailed Balagha clarify how these principles can be
prescriptions for practical application in applied, ensuring a thorough understanding
governance (Rutter, 2012; Fitzpatrick & of governance practices (Mavani, 2013).
Walker, 2014).
